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Overview
What is mesenteric and renal artery stenosis?
Mesenteric and renal artery stenosis is a condition where the arteries supplying blood to the intestines (mesenteric arteries) or the kidneys (renal arteries) become narrowed. This narrowing usually comes from a buildup of fatty deposits called plaque, which reduces blood flow to these vital organs. When blood flow is restricted, it can lead to serious health issues, including pain, organ damage and in severe cases, organ failure. Understanding the symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment options can help you manage this condition effectively.
What are mesenteric and renal artery stenosis symptoms?
The symptoms of mesenteric and renal artery stenosis can vary depending on which arteries are affected:
- Mesenteric artery stenosis: This type often causes severe stomach pain, especially after eating, because the intestines aren’t getting enough blood. Other symptoms may include unintentional weight loss, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
- Renal artery stenosis: When the arteries to the kidneys are narrowed, symptoms can include high blood pressure that’s difficult to control, reduced kidney function, swelling in the legs and, in severe cases, fluid buildup in the lungs (pulmonary edema).
Risk factors of mesenteric and renal artery stenosis
The most common cause of mesenteric and renal artery stenosis is atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaque in the arteries. Risk factors include:
- Age: The risk increases as you get older.
- High blood pressure: This can damage artery walls over time.
- High cholesterol: This contributes to plaque buildup.
- Smoking: Smoking damages the arteries and speeds up the process of atherosclerosis.
- Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels.
- Family history: A family history of artery disease increases your risk.
How doctors diagnose mesenteric and renal artery stenosis
To diagnose mesenteric and renal artery stenosis, your healthcare provider will start with a physical examination and ask about your symptoms and medical history. Diagnostic tests may include:
- Ultrasound: To visualize blood flow in the arteries
- CT angiography or MRI: These imaging tests provide detailed pictures of the arteries and can show the extent of the narrowing
- Angiogram: A special X-ray that uses dye to highlight the arteries and detect blockages
Managing mesenteric and renal artery stenosis treatment
Treatment aims to improve blood flow, manage symptoms and prevent complications. Options include:
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Medication
- Blood pressure medicines
- Cholesterol-lowering drugs
- Medications to prevent blood clots can help manage the condition
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Lifestyle
- Eating a healthy diet
- Exercising regularly
- Quitting smoking
- Controlling conditions like:
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Diabetes
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Procedures or surgery
- Angioplasty and stenting: A procedure to widen the narrowed artery using a small balloon and a stent to keep it open.
- Surgery: In some cases, bypass surgery may be needed to create a new path for blood flow around the blocked artery.
What it's like living with mesenteric and renal artery stenosis
Living with mesenteric or renal artery stenosis requires ongoing management and monitoring. Making lifestyle changes and taking prescribed medications are crucial for maintaining your health. Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are important to track the condition and adjust treatment as needed.
The outlook depends on various factors, including the severity of the narrowing and your overall health. With proper management, many people with this condition can lead full, active lives. However, without treatment, it can lead to serious complications, so it’s important to work closely with your healthcare team.
Mesenteric and renal artery stenosis treatment near you
Cardiology services at Ballad Health
Our extensive network of highly trained cardiologists, surgeons and advanced practice providers are here to support you and help you navigate a heart-related diagnosis.
Learn more about heart and vascular services at Ballad Health.
CVA Heart Institute Learning Center
We understand that receiving a mesenteric or renal artery stenosis diagnosis can be overwhelming. Our goal is to alleviate your fears and help you to understand your condition.
We have an informational video library, education tools and heart-related FAQs so that you have the resources you need.
Heart care patient stories
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Read our patient stories
Our patients inspire us every day, and we’re honored when they trust us with their care. They tell their stories best, so we’ve gathered a few here to share with you.
Many of these patients received life-saving care for heart conditions when they weren’t experiencing any symptoms. These experiences have changed they way they look at their individual care and helped them see the importance of regular preventive screenings.